Faults

These notes are supplied by Stan Acaster (Dean Forest DMU Group) .

As well as the faults listed below, there are some reasons why an engine must be stopped and its corresponding final drive isolated, these are:

1.  Continuous excessive smoke from the exhaust.
2.  Cylinder head gasket blowing.
3.  Any unusual knocking or other noise in an engine or a transmission.
4.  Overheated fluid coupling.
5.  Overheated or otherwise defective gearbox or final drive.
6.  Water or fuel oil in an engine sump.
7.  Fuel oil line leaks.
8.  Radiator fan belts missing.
9.  No. 7 fuse blown or a flat battery on a power car.

It is important that the final drive to an engine, which has had to be stopped, or for any reason has failed to start, is isolated as quickly as possible.  If it is not isolated, the final drive is 'driving back' through the gearbox gear trains, overspeeding them and causing excessive wear.

REMEMBER     On diesel trains, passengers are riding over the power equipment, so do not take any unnecessary risks when faults exist.  The only proof that a final drive is isolated is that the cardan shaft can be rotated freely by hand.

DO . . .     read carefully the sections in the official DRIVING INSTRUCTIONS regarding:-

(a)     changing ends
(b)     reversing the train
(c)     stabling the train  

DO . . .     'toggle up' the gearbox brake bands as detailed on the official DRIVING INSTRUCTIONS.

DO . . .     throttle back when maximum 'revs' are indicated when in 4th gear.

DO NOT     check the level of lubricating oil in the engine sump whilst the engine is running.

REMEMBER     to ALWAYS book all known defects and to pass on to any relief driver any such information that may affect the proper working of the train.

FAULT

INDICATION TO DRIVER

POSSIBLE CAUSE

ACTION TO BE TAKEN

1.  Control Circuit light is OUT when the CIS key turned on

Control circuit light OUT

a) Defective bulb

 

b) Battery switch at OFF

c) Battery is 'flat'

 

 

 

 

 

d) No. 6 fuse (blown) on this car

a) Press buzzer button.  If the buzzer sounds the bulb is defective.  If the buzzer does not sound b) c) and a)

b) Place Switch to ON

c) If on a depot, request assistance.  If away from a depot and there is only one power car in the train, assistance is required.

If the 'flat' battery is on a leading car or on a car which becomes the leading car in the train, take the C.I.S. key to another Control Switch in any other driving cab and turn it to ON.

The train can now be driven from the leading car.

d) Take the C.I.S. Key to another Control Switch in any other driving cab and turn it to ON.

The train can now be driven from the leading car.

2.  Engine will not start when the local start button is pressed

No Response from the starter motor

a) Engine Isolation switch at OFF

 

 

b) Double pole switch on FIRE ALARM panel at OFF

 

c) Battery switch at OFF 'flat' battery or No. 6 has blown.

a) Check if the corresponding final drive is isolated.  If the final drive is isolated do not attempt to start this engine.  If the final drive is NOT isolated examine the engine for any possible defects before turning the engine isolation switch ON.

b) Determine whey the switch is at OFF and check the Graviner fire bottle.  If the fire bottle has been discharged DO NOT  attempt to start the engine.

Isolate the engine and the corresponding final drive.

c) See fault 1.

3.  Engine will not respond from start button, in the cab.

 

a) Direction not selected.

b) Test button stuck in.

a) Select Direction providing air pressure is above 75 p.s.i.

b) Release test button.

3A  Engine will not turn when local start button is pressed

i) No response from starter motor

ii) Starter motor responds but fails to turn engine

a) No. 7 positive fuse blown.

 

b) Battery flat.

c) Start button defective.

 

d) Starter pinion sticking or not engaging with starter ring.

e) Engine seized

f) Water in cylinder (a loud knock will be heard).

a) Isolate the engine/s and final drive/s also the D.S.D. Valve when air pressure is available on affected car.  See failure of Nos. 6 and  7 fuses.

b) See failure of Nos. 6 and 7 fuses.

c) Try a start from the driving compartment when sufficient air pressure is available.  If engine still does not start isolate the engine and corresponding final drive.

d) Do not keep start button depressed or persist in attempting to start this engine.

Isolate the engine and corresponding final drive.

e) As above.

f) As above.

3B  Engine turns but will not fire when local start button is pressed

As in Fault Column

a) Fuel oil supply cock closed.

b) No fuel in tank.

c) Air lock in fuel oil system

a) Open cock and bleed system if necessary.

b) Isolate engine/s and final drive/s on this car.

c) Bleed the system

3C  Engine turns and fires but stops when local start button is released

As in Fault Column

a) Low lubricating oil pressure.

b) Low cooling water level.

a) Check oil level in engine sump.  If level is ABOVE MINIMUM ATTEMPT ANOTHER TWO starts.

b) Where permissible top up radiator tank.  If topping up is not allowed or possible, isolate the engine and the corresponding final drive.

4.  An engine light goes out whilst running with he throttle OPEN

Engine light on panel OUT

a) Bulb defective.

 

 

b) Low lubricating oil pressure.

 

c) Low cooling water level.

At the first point check if the engine has in fact stopped.

a) If the engine is running, check this light from another driving compartment.

If light illuminates proceed, if not, isolate this engine and corresponding final drive.

b) Engine is not running ... check oil level in engine sump.  If level is above minimum try no more than three attempts to restart the engine.

c) If topping up is permissible, top up.  If not, isolate the engine and corresponding final drive.

b) and c) If the engine still does not start when these items are in order, isolate the engine and the corresponding final drive.

5.  An Air/Axle light

Air/Axle Light is OUT

a) Air pressure below 75 p.s.i.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

b) Air pressure above 75 p.s.i.

 

 

 

 

 

 

a) (i)  Engine stopped (i.e. when taking to a train or changing ends).  Remove reversing lever - start engines locally to build up air pressure.

a) (ii) Engines running (i.e. when reversing without changing ends) DO NOT speed up engines from the Cab.  Remove reversing level and air pressure to build up.

b) (i)  Engine stopped ('taking to' or changing ends).  Watch for Air/Axle light when engines are started.  DO NOT 'race' the engines under this condition.

b)(ii) Engines running.  (Reversing without changing ends).  With engines IDLING, select opposite direction - pause- re-select required direction and check if light illuminates.  If light remains out, stop all engines - pause 30 secs. - restart engines and check light.

NOTE:  If the engines of the car for which the air/axle light is OUT do not stop when the STOP button is pressed, this means that the No. 7 fuse on that car has probably failed (see p.24-26).  If light still remains out, proceed to car indicated and check if either prop' shaft is rotating  If so, stop the corresponding engine at once and isolate engine and final driver.

If shafts are stationary, check air/axle light in cab of THIS car by pressing TEST button.  If this light illuminates, proceed normally but recheck each time the train is reversed.  If the light does NOT illuminate when TEST button is pressed, check air pressure and final drive indicators for this car.  If these are correct proceed normally but recheck each time the train is reversed.  If air pressure is below 75 p.s.i. or if either final drive indicator is in the wrong direction isolate the corresponding engine and final drive

6.  An Air/Axle light goes out whilst running.

Air/Axle light on panel out.

a) Air pressure below 75 p.s.i

b) Air pressure above 75 p.s.i.

c) Vacuum destroyed  

REDUCE SPEED to 25 m.p.h. to a suitable point where a check can be made.

a)  As for a)  Fault 5

b)  As for b) Fault 5

c)  No. 7 fuse 'blown' on the car indicated (see notes concerning this fuse)

7.  Loss of air pressure SINGLE UNIT

 

a) Unloader valve sticking

 

b) Air leak that cannot be rectified.

a)  Blank of f valve with cap provided.  Check that safety valve blows at approximately 95 p.s.i.  Report blanking off valve.

b)  Stop the engine/s and isolate the final drive/s as quickly as possible, request assistance.

8.  Loss of air pressure ONE POWER CAR ONE TRAILER

 

a) Unloader valve sticking

b) Leak on power car that cannot be rectified.

c)  Leak on trailer car air system.

 

d) Burst air pipes between vehicles.

a) As for 7a)

b) As for 7b)

 

c)  Isolate the air system of the power car from that of the trailer car by closing the air cocks between the vehicles.  If the trailer car is leading, the guard must ride in driving cab (see Regulations).

d)  As for c).

9.  Loss of air pressure.  MORE THAN ONE POWER CAR IN FORMATION

 

a) Unloader valve sticking

 

b) Leak on power car air system that cannot be rectified.

 

 

c) Leak on trailing car air system

Blank off with cap provided.  Check that the safety valve b;lows off at approx. 98 p.s.i.  Report blanking off valve.

b)  Isolate the engine/s and final drive/s as quickly as possible.  Isolate the air system of this car from the remainder of the train.  If this car is or becomes the leading car in the train, the guard must ride in the driving cab of any other car.  (see Regulations) Have guard to check and report the state of the air pressure in the remainder of the train.

c)  Isolate the air system of this car from he remainder of the train.  If this car is the leading car of the train act as instructed regarding the guard in b).

10.  Unable to create train pipe vacuum SINGLE UNIT

No train pipe or high vacuum when brake valve is in the OFF position.

 

 

High vacuum normal when brake valve is in the LAP position.

a) Hand brake ON.  Buzzer sounds.

b) D.S.D. Valve defective.

c) Passenger communication valve open

d) Emergency valve open

e) Leak on train pipe cannot be rectified.

a)  Take off the hand brake.

b)  Isolate the D.S.D. Valve.  Guard or second man to ride with driver.

c)  Close the valve.

 

d)  Close the valve.

e)  Release vacuum from the top side of the brake cylinders.  Proceed at reduced speed and with caution.  Guard to ride with driver to operate hand brake.  Withdraw the unit from service as quickly as possible.

11.  Unable to create high vacuum SINGLE UNI 

Unable to create train pipe vacuum ONE POWER CAR ONE TRAILER CAR

As above Fault 10.  High vacuum does not build up in the LAP position.

As in Fault 10.

As above Fault 10.  Leak in  high vacuum pipe.

As in Fault 10 a), b), c) and d)

e) Leak in power car that cannot be rectified.

 

 

 

 

f) Leak in trailer car that cannot be rectified.

As above Fault 10.  If leak cannot be rectified act as in Fault 10c

 

As in Fault 10 a), b), c) and d)

e)  Isolate train pipe between power car and trailer, release vacuum from top side of brake pistons on power car.  Drive from rear at reduced speed and with caution.  Brake operative on trailing car only.  Guard to ride in the loading cab.  (see Regulations).

f)  Isolate train pipes between power car and trailer.  Release vacuum from top side of brake pistons on trailercar.  Drive from leading cab at a reduced speed and with caution.  Brake operative on leading car only.

12.  Unable to create high vacuum on power car.  ONE POWER CAR ONE TRAILER CAR

As for Fault 10.  Brake valve at OFF

 

 

 

 

High vacuum does not build up in LAP POSITION

 

 

 

a)  Leak that cannot be rectified on trailer car.

 

b) Leak in high power vacuum pipe of POWER CAR THAT CANNOT BE RECTIFIED

As for Fault 10 a), b) c) and d).

Isolate high vacuum pipe between power car and trailer.  If high vacuum can be obtained on power car, defect on trailer car.

a)  If this car is trailing, leave high vacuum pipes isolated and drive normally from power car.  Brake will be slower in releasing  If trailer car is leading, leave high vacuum pipes isolated.  Drive from power car at reduced speed and with caution.  Guard to ride in  the leading cab.  (see Regulations).

b)  It will be impossible to create train pipe vacuum on the power or trailer cars.  Release vacuum from he top side of all brake cylinders.  Proceed at reduced speed and with caution (See Regulations).  Guard must ride with driver to operate the hand brake.

13.  Unable to create train pipe vacuum TWO OR MORE POWER CARS IN THE FORMATION

No train pipe or high vacuum when the brake valve is OFF.  High vacuum builds up in LAP position.

a) Hand brake ON.  Buzzer sounds.

b) D.S.D. Valve defective.

c)  Passenger communication valve open.

d) Emergency valve open.

 

 

 

 

e) If the defect is on the leading car of the train.

a)  Take off the hand brake.

b)  Isolate the defective D.M. Valve.  If the D.M. Valve is isolated on the power car which is, or becomes the leading power car of the train, a second man is not necessary because the D.M. Valves on the other cars will be operative.  This should however be tested.

c)  Close the valve.

d)  Close the valve;

If a), b), c) and d) are not at fault then in order to locate quickly which car is defective, isolate the train pipes between each car in turn.  If the train consists of two or more sets, isolate the train pipes at a point half way in the formation to check which is the defective portion, then check as before.

e)  Isolate the train pipes between this car and the next.  Release vacuum from the top side of the leading cars brake cylinders.  Drive from the next convenient cab.  (see Regulations).

 If the defect is on a car beyond the first car, isolate the train pipes between the two portions.  The driver must now use his own judgement as from part of train he will drive from, according to the brake power available.  The vacuum must be release from the top side of the brake cylinders of the unbraked portion.

If he decides to drive a cab other than the leading one he must proceed at a reduced speed and with caution.  The guard must ride in the leading cab.  (See Regulations).